"Adl va Ensaf" Comparative Law Researches Quarterly

Abstract حفظ نظام جامعه یکی از ضروریات مسلم در اسلام است ، این امر از اظهارات فقها در موارد ومناسبات مختلف ومتعدد به‌ دست می‏آید و آنچه موجب اختلال درنظام زندگی و معیشت جامعه می‏شود، ممنوع است وصنعت هایی که حفظ نظام جامعه به آن وابستگی دارد، واجب است، وبراحکام شخصی مقدم است؛ چون حفظ نظام از ضروریاتی است که عقل و شرع مقدس به هیچ‌ وجه راضی به ترک آن نیست. آنچه که سبب شک وتردید در اخذ اجرت بر واجبات نظامیه شده است واجب بودن آن بر مکلفین است بخصوص که در مواردی وجوبشان عینی یاعبادی است که در این صورت اخذ اجرت با قصد قربت واخلاص منافات دارد؛لذا این نوشتار با شیوه
حفظ نظام جامعه یکی از ضروریات مسلم در اسلام است ، این امر از اظهارات فقها در موارد ومناسبات مختلف ومتعدد به‌ دست می‏آید و آنچه موجب اختلال درنظام زندگی و معیشت جامعه می‏شود، ممنوع است وصنعت هایی که حفظ نظام جامعه به آن وابستگی دارد، واجب است، وبراحکام شخصی مقدم است؛ چون حفظ نظام از ضروریاتی است که عقل و شرع مقدس به هیچ‌ وجه راضی به ترک آن نیست. ج

Abstract The health of any company has a direct relationship with supervision, so that corporations are no exception. Accordingly, in order to prevent abuse of directors and to provide appropriate coverage for the protection of shareholder and third party rights, the audit firm is foreseen in joint stock companies to monitor the performance of the board of directors. These persons are referred to in the Inspectorate of Trade Act 1311 and the Inspector of Trade Amendment Act, which is equivalent to (auditor) in English law. Inspectors are well-known and experienced persons who are well-known and selected by the General Meeting of Shareholders to inform the Company about the Company's status and to monitor the Company's flow of business in order to safeguard the interests of its shareholders, creditors and bondholders. The law and statute of the company are required to submit their views to the general meeting on the balance sheet and performance of the company. False reporting as well as failure to perform may cause damage to shareholders and the corporation. Therefore, both Article 64 of Trade Law 1311 and Article 154 of the Trade Amendment Bill provide for the responsibility of inspectors, so that in addition to civil liability,

Abstract China has made significant progress in the implementation of international obligations in its domestic legal system over the past thirty years. However, the Chinese constitution and ordinary laws do not lay down general rules on the status of treaties in the domestic legal system. But the substantive obligations of the treaties to which China has acceded largely to domestic law and directly affect the country's economic and social activities. This article examines the various forms and ways in which China implements its international commitments domestically. In line with this, the number of cases in which courts use treaty rules is increasing, indicating China's determination to adhere more fully to its international obligations. In civil and commercial matters, international treaties apply primarily to cases with foreign elements, while in criminal law, China has placed almost all international crimes as criminal offenses under its national criminal law. And over the past thirty years, there has been significant progress in the implementation of international obligations in its domestic legal system. This article illustrates the various forms and ways in which China implements its international obligations at home, given China's position in the international system.